DermatologyIn perspective.
The key COVID-19 findings in dermatology, distilled into a clear, readable brief. The evidence is here whenever you want to go deeper.
Study findings updated
AI-assisted evidence summary. For general information. These findings are not individual medical advice or a clinician endorsement.
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The newest findings added to this collection.
The learning from each, already distilled.
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Dates show when findings were added here, not when papers were published. Study populations and comparisons differ.
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Browse the 26 original sourcesThe complete bibliography behind this monitor.
- [1]
Freeman EE, McMahon DE, Lipoff JB, et al. The spectrum of COVID-19-associated dermatologic manifestations: An international registry of 716 patients from 31 countries. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2020;83(4):1118-1129.
Open original source in a new tab - [2]
Galvan Casas C, Catala A, Carretero Hernandez G, et al. Classification of the cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19: a rapid prospective nationwide consensus study in Spain with 375 cases. British Journal of Dermatology. 2020;183(1):71-77.
Open original source in a new tab - [3]
Recalcati S. Cutaneous manifestations in COVID-19: a first perspective. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 2020;34(5):e212-e213.
Open original source in a new tab - [4]
Freeman EE, McMahon DE, Lipoff JB, et al. Pernio-like skin lesions associated with COVID-19: A case series of 318 patients from 8 countries. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2020;83(2):486-492.
Open original source in a new tab - [5]
Magro C, Mulvey JJ, Berlin D, et al. Complement associated microvascular injury and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 infection: A report of five cases. Translational Research. 2020;220:1-13.
Open original source in a new tab - [6]
Colmenero I, Santonja C, Alonso-Riano M, et al. SARS-CoV-2 endothelial infection causes COVID-19 chilblains: histopathological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of seven paediatric cases. British Journal of Dermatology. 2020;183(4):729-737.
Open original source in a new tab - [7]
Hubiche T, Le Duff F, Chiaverini C, et al. Negative SARS-CoV-2 PCR in patients with chilblain-like lesions. Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2021;21(3):315-316.
Open original source in a new tab - [8]
Magro C, Mulvey JJ, Laurence J, et al. The differing pathophysiologies that underlie COVID-19-associated perniosis and thrombotic retiform purpura: a case series. British Journal of Dermatology. 2021;184(1):141-150.
Open original source in a new tab - [9]
Zhang Y, Cao W, Xiao M, et al. Clinical and coagulation characteristics in 7 patients with critical COVID-2019 pneumonia and acro-ischemia. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi. 2020;41(4):302-307.
Open original source in a new tab - [10]
Huang C, Huang L, Wang Y, et al. 6-month consequences of COVID-19 in patients discharged from hospital: a cohort study. Lancet. 2021;397(10270):220-232.
Open original source in a new tab - [11]
Mieczkowska K, Deutsch A, Engber T, et al. Telogen effluvium: a sequela of COVID-19. International Journal of Dermatology. 2021;60(1):122-124.
Open original source in a new tab - [12]
Olds H, Liu J, Luk K, et al. Telogen effluvium associated with COVID-19 infection. Dermatologic Therapy. 2021;34(2):e14761.
Open original source in a new tab - [13]
Genovese G, Moltrasio C, Berti E, Marzano AV. Skin manifestations associated with COVID-19: Current knowledge and future perspectives. Dermatology. 2021;237(1):1-12.
Open original source in a new tab - [14]
Jamshidi P, Hajikhani B, Mirsaeidi M, et al. Skin manifestations in COVID-19 patients: Are they indicators for disease severity? A systematic review. Frontiers in Medicine. 2021;8:634208.
Open original source in a new tab - [15]
Singh H, Kaur H, Singh K, Sen CK. Cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19: A systematic review. Advances in Wound Care. 2021;10(2):51-80.
Open original source in a new tab - [16]
Fernandez-Nieto D, Ortega-Quijano D, Jimenez-Cauhe J, et al. Clinical and histological characterization of vesicular COVID-19 rashes: a prospective study in a tertiary care hospital. Clinical and Experimental Dermatology. 2020;45(7):872-875.
Open original source in a new tab - [17]
Marzano AV, Genovese G, Fabbrocini G, et al. Varicella-like exanthem as a specific COVID-19-associated skin manifestation: Multicenter case series of 22 patients. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2020;83(1):280-285.
Open original source in a new tab - [18]
Hassan K. Urticaria and angioedema as a prodromal cutaneous manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection. BMJ Case Reports. 2020;13(7):e236981.
Open original source in a new tab - [19]
McMahon DE, Amerson E, Rosenbach M, et al. Cutaneous reactions reported after Moderna and Pfizer COVID-19 vaccination: A registry-based study of 414 cases. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2021;85(1):46-55.
Open original source in a new tab - [20]
Blumenthal KG, Freeman EE, Saff RR, et al. Delayed large local reactions to mRNA-1273 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. New England Journal of Medicine. 2021;384(13):1273-1277.
Open original source in a new tab - [21]
Merad M, Martin JC. Pathological inflammation in patients with COVID-19: a key role for monocytes and macrophages. Nature Reviews Immunology. 2020;20(6):355-362.
Open original source in a new tab - [22]
Varga Z, Flammer AJ, Steiger P, et al. Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19. Lancet. 2020;395(10234):1417-1418.
Open original source in a new tab - [23]
Davis HE, Assaf GS, McCorkell L, et al. Characterizing long COVID in an international cohort: 7 months of symptoms and their impact. EClinicalMedicine. 2021;38:101019.
Open original source in a new tab - [24]
Nalbandian A, Sehgal K, Gupta A, et al. Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. Nature Medicine. 2021;27(4):601-615.
Open original source in a new tab - [25]
American Academy of Dermatology COVID-19 Registry. https://www.aad.org/member/practice/coronavirus/registry
Original source link unavailable - [26]
International League of Dermatological Societies COVID-19 Dermatology Registry. Coordinated by Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Dermatology.
Original source link unavailable
Understanding includes the limits.
This is an AI-assisted evidence summary, not a clinician endorsement. Read each original paper for its complete methods, population and limitations. Different studies can ask different questions and report different kinds of results.
Dates marked “added” describe when a finding entered this monitor, not when the study was published or clinically reviewed. Personal health and treatment decisions belong in a conversation with a qualified clinician.